House of the Massacre in Ponce - 05001098
Oblique view of the building known as the House of the Massacre in Ponce. It is a two-story building with a masonry base and a Creole vernacular architecture style. The walls combine masonry and wood, and the roof is made of galvanized metal with a cornice below the parapet. The upper level features a continuous L-shaped wooden balcony with a stylized curve that connects both main facades. A wooden balustrade, columns reinforced with metal brackets supporting the roof, and five double-leaf wooden doors with lattice panels topped with an elaborate cornice and brackets, are visible. The ground floor features commercial entrances, while the upper level is used for residential purposes and has independent access via an internal staircase, visible on the far left. The doors on the first level have solid wood planks, enhanced by a simple open transom with curved wrought iron details. To the right of the building, almost hidden by an iron fence across the street, a wider wooden gate can be seen, formerly used as an entrance for old-fashioned carriages. A chain-link fence with barbed wire protects the land behind the house. The urban setting includes trees, a lamppost with a lantern, and cars parked on the street. The historical archives of the Municipality of Ponce confirm the existence of a residential building at that location since 1886; however, the existing property dates from the early 20th Century. By 1906, the owners hired the services of civil engineer Blas Silva to design their new residence, and although the final project was never executed, most of his ideas were implemented in a more austere manner, giving the property the appearance it would have had in 1910, when the renovations to the 19th-century residence were completed. Beginning in 1926, the building served as the headquarters of the Ponce Nationalist Club and was closely linked to the events of March 21, 1937, known as the Ponce Massacre. On that day, members and supporters of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party, participating in a parade commemorating the abolition of slavery and protesting the imprisonment of their leader, faced resistance from the police under orders of then-Governor Blanton Winship, resulting in 19 deaths and around 200 injuries. The House of the Massacre was the rallying point for the participants and remained etched in the collective memory as a symbol of this tragic episode. In 1987, through Joint Resolution 2951 of the Legislature, the corner where the house is located was designated a Historic Zone. The house was then transferred to the Institute of Puerto Rican Culture, later becoming the Massacre Museum.